Comparative analysis of paratenic hosts' infectivity by Angiostrongylus cantonensis: Exploring varied host responses

Kód výsledku v IS VaVaI

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Výsledek na webu

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DOI - Digital Object Identifier

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Jazyk výsledku

angličtina

Název v původním jazyce

Comparative analysis of paratenic hosts' infectivity by Angiostrongylus cantonensis: Exploring varied host responses

Popis výsledku v původním jazyce

The rat lungworm Angiostrongylus cantonensis is a zoonotic metastrongyloid nematode, currently considered an emerging pathogen approaching Europe. In tropics and subtropics, the parasite is an important food-borne neurotropic pathogen of medical and veterinary importance. Key sources ofinfection for mammals and birds (aberrant hosts) include gastropod intermediate hosts and paratenic hosts, both terrestrial and aquatic. Many poikilotherms are referred to as paratenic hosts of the parasite, however we hypothesize their effectivity in infection transmission to definitive or aberrant hosts varies greatly. We performed a series of experiments to evaluate the relevance of two purported paratenic hosts, fish and reptiles, as potential sources of infection. Two fish species (Oreochromis niloticus, n = 24 and Clarias gariepinus, n = 30) were infected with 10,000 third-stage larvae (L3) each. After one, two and three weeks, no live L3 were found in musculature or viscera. Three days post infection, tens of live L3 were present predominantly in guts and were proven to be infective for Wistar rats. Twenty leopard geckos (Eublepharis macularius) were infected with varying doses of L3: 100 in G1 (n = 5), 1000 in G2 (n = 5) and 10,000 in G3 (n = 10). Live L3 were collected from all infected geckos euthanized one and two months after the infection. Live L3 were present mostly in musculature (in G3, hundreds of L3). Live larvae from geckos were proven to be infective for Wistar rats. Three geckos from G3 were fed to three corn snakes (Pantheropis guttatus) to assess the possibility of intermediasis. Snakes were euthanized one-month post-infection and 11, 3 and 10 live L3 were present predominantly in guts and viscera. No reptiles showed significant hanges in haematological and biochemical parameters in their blood tests, and they remained clinically healthy throughout the study. Our findings demonstrate considerable variability in the relevance of potential sources of A. cantonensis infection for humans and animals. While both fish and reptiles are considered important paratenic hosts, our experiments demonstrate differences in larval survival, infectivity and tissue migration. These results underscore the complexity of A. cantonensis transmission dynamics and emphasize the need for further research to elucidate host-parasite interactions. Experimental procedures followed animal welfare standards and regulatory permissions (approval of the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports 15292 and 22064/2022). Funding: SEAEUROPEJFS19IN-053 grant and Czech Science Foundation grant 22-26136S.

Název v anglickém jazyce

Comparative analysis of paratenic hosts' infectivity by Angiostrongylus cantonensis: Exploring varied host responses

Popis výsledku anglicky

The rat lungworm Angiostrongylus cantonensis is a zoonotic metastrongyloid nematode, currently considered an emerging pathogen approaching Europe. In tropics and subtropics, the parasite is an important food-borne neurotropic pathogen of medical and veterinary importance. Key sources ofinfection for mammals and birds (aberrant hosts) include gastropod intermediate hosts and paratenic hosts, both terrestrial and aquatic. Many poikilotherms are referred to as paratenic hosts of the parasite, however we hypothesize their effectivity in infection transmission to definitive or aberrant hosts varies greatly. We performed a series of experiments to evaluate the relevance of two purported paratenic hosts, fish and reptiles, as potential sources of infection. Two fish species (Oreochromis niloticus, n = 24 and Clarias gariepinus, n = 30) were infected with 10,000 third-stage larvae (L3) each. After one, two and three weeks, no live L3 were found in musculature or viscera. Three days post infection, tens of live L3 were present predominantly in guts and were proven to be infective for Wistar rats. Twenty leopard geckos (Eublepharis macularius) were infected with varying doses of L3: 100 in G1 (n = 5), 1000 in G2 (n = 5) and 10,000 in G3 (n = 10). Live L3 were collected from all infected geckos euthanized one and two months after the infection. Live L3 were present mostly in musculature (in G3, hundreds of L3). Live larvae from geckos were proven to be infective for Wistar rats. Three geckos from G3 were fed to three corn snakes (Pantheropis guttatus) to assess the possibility of intermediasis. Snakes were euthanized one-month post-infection and 11, 3 and 10 live L3 were present predominantly in guts and viscera. No reptiles showed significant hanges in haematological and biochemical parameters in their blood tests, and they remained clinically healthy throughout the study. Our findings demonstrate considerable variability in the relevance of potential sources of A. cantonensis infection for humans and animals. While both fish and reptiles are considered important paratenic hosts, our experiments demonstrate differences in larval survival, infectivity and tissue migration. These results underscore the complexity of A. cantonensis transmission dynamics and emphasize the need for further research to elucidate host-parasite interactions. Experimental procedures followed animal welfare standards and regulatory permissions (approval of the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports 15292 and 22064/2022). Funding: SEAEUROPEJFS19IN-053 grant and Czech Science Foundation grant 22-26136S.

Druh

O - Ostatní výsledky

CEP obor

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OECD FORD obor

40301 - Veterinary science

Projekt

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Návaznosti

I - Institucionalni podpora na dlouhodoby koncepcni rozvoj vyzkumne organizace

Rok uplatnění

2024

Kód důvěrnosti údajů

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů