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Swarm seismicity illuminates stress transfer prior to the 2021 Fagradalsfjall eruption in Iceland

Identifikátory výsledku

  • Kód výsledku v IS VaVaI

    <a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F67985530%3A_____%2F22%3A00559845" target="_blank" >RIV/67985530:_____/22:00559845 - isvavai.cz</a>

  • Nalezeny alternativní kódy

    RIV/00216208:11310/22:10446349

  • Výsledek na webu

    <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0012821X22003211" target="_blank" >https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0012821X22003211</a>

  • DOI - Digital Object Identifier

    <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2022.117685" target="_blank" >10.1016/j.epsl.2022.117685</a>

Alternativní jazyky

  • Jazyk výsledku

    angličtina

  • Název v původním jazyce

    Swarm seismicity illuminates stress transfer prior to the 2021 Fagradalsfjall eruption in Iceland

  • Popis výsledku v původním jazyce

    The 2021 Fagradalsfjall volcanic eruption in the Reykjanes Peninsula, Iceland, was followed by effusive lava outflow lasting six months. It was preceded by an intensive earthquake swarm lasting one month with the largest earthquake exceeding M-L 5. We analyze seismic data recorded by the Reykjanet local seismic network to trace the processes leading to the eruption to understand the relation between seismic activity and magma accumulation. Precise relocations show two hypocenter clusters of the 2021 swarm in the depth range of 1-6 km, a NE-SW trending cluster that maps the dyke propagation, and a WSW-ENE trending cluster that follows the axis of the oblique plate boundary. Additionally, we relocated the preceding earthquake swarms of 2017, 2019 and 2020 and found that they form two branches along the oblique plate boundary, which coincide with the WSW-ENE trending cluster of the 2021 swarm. These branches form a stepover of similar to 1 km offset, forming a pull-apart basin structure at the intersection with the dyke. This is the place where the eruption occurred, suggesting that magma erupted at the place of crustal weakening. The strong seismic activity started with a M-L 5.3 earthquake of 24 February 2021, which triggered the aftershocks on the oblique plate boundary and in the area of magmatic dyke, both in an area of elevated Coulomb stress. The seismicity shows a complex propagation of the dyke, which started at its northern end, migrated southwestward and then jumped back to the central part where the effusive eruption took place. The observed N-S striking focal mechanisms are interpreted as right-lateral antithetic Riedel shears that accommodate the left lateral slip along the oblique plate boundary. The co-existence of seismic and magmatic activity suggests that the past seismic activity weakened the crust in the eruption site area, where magma accumulated. The following M-L 5.3 earthquake of 24 February 2021 triggered the seismic swarm and likely perturbed the magma pocket which led to the six-months lasting eruption that started on 19 March.

  • Název v anglickém jazyce

    Swarm seismicity illuminates stress transfer prior to the 2021 Fagradalsfjall eruption in Iceland

  • Popis výsledku anglicky

    The 2021 Fagradalsfjall volcanic eruption in the Reykjanes Peninsula, Iceland, was followed by effusive lava outflow lasting six months. It was preceded by an intensive earthquake swarm lasting one month with the largest earthquake exceeding M-L 5. We analyze seismic data recorded by the Reykjanet local seismic network to trace the processes leading to the eruption to understand the relation between seismic activity and magma accumulation. Precise relocations show two hypocenter clusters of the 2021 swarm in the depth range of 1-6 km, a NE-SW trending cluster that maps the dyke propagation, and a WSW-ENE trending cluster that follows the axis of the oblique plate boundary. Additionally, we relocated the preceding earthquake swarms of 2017, 2019 and 2020 and found that they form two branches along the oblique plate boundary, which coincide with the WSW-ENE trending cluster of the 2021 swarm. These branches form a stepover of similar to 1 km offset, forming a pull-apart basin structure at the intersection with the dyke. This is the place where the eruption occurred, suggesting that magma erupted at the place of crustal weakening. The strong seismic activity started with a M-L 5.3 earthquake of 24 February 2021, which triggered the aftershocks on the oblique plate boundary and in the area of magmatic dyke, both in an area of elevated Coulomb stress. The seismicity shows a complex propagation of the dyke, which started at its northern end, migrated southwestward and then jumped back to the central part where the effusive eruption took place. The observed N-S striking focal mechanisms are interpreted as right-lateral antithetic Riedel shears that accommodate the left lateral slip along the oblique plate boundary. The co-existence of seismic and magmatic activity suggests that the past seismic activity weakened the crust in the eruption site area, where magma accumulated. The following M-L 5.3 earthquake of 24 February 2021 triggered the seismic swarm and likely perturbed the magma pocket which led to the six-months lasting eruption that started on 19 March.

Klasifikace

  • Druh

    J<sub>imp</sub> - Článek v periodiku v databázi Web of Science

  • CEP obor

  • OECD FORD obor

    10507 - Volcanology

Návaznosti výsledku

  • Projekt

    <a href="/cs/project/TO01000198" target="_blank" >TO01000198: Přirozená seismicita jako nástroj pro vyhledávání zdrojů geotermální energie</a><br>

  • Návaznosti

    P - Projekt vyzkumu a vyvoje financovany z verejnych zdroju (s odkazem do CEP)

Ostatní

  • Rok uplatnění

    2022

  • Kód důvěrnosti údajů

    S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

Údaje specifické pro druh výsledku

  • Název periodika

    Earth and Planetary Science Letters

  • ISSN

    0012-821X

  • e-ISSN

    1385-013X

  • Svazek periodika

    594

  • Číslo periodika v rámci svazku

    September

  • Stát vydavatele periodika

    NL - Nizozemsko

  • Počet stran výsledku

    12

  • Strana od-do

    117685

  • Kód UT WoS článku

    000830918100001

  • EID výsledku v databázi Scopus

    2-s2.0-85134249350