Deformation and seismicity decline before the 2021 Fagradalsfjall eruption

Kód výsledku v IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F67985530%3A_____%2F22%3A00561641" target="_blank" >RIV/67985530:_____/22:00561641 - isvavai.cz</a>

Výsledek na webu

<a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-022-05083-4" target="_blank" >https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-022-05083-4</a>

DOI - Digital Object Identifier

<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-05083-4" target="_blank" >10.1038/s41586-022-05083-4</a>

Jazyk výsledku

angličtina

Název v původním jazyce

Deformation and seismicity decline before the 2021 Fagradalsfjall eruption

Popis výsledku v původním jazyce

Increased rates of deformation and seismicity are well-established precursors to volcanic eruptions, and their interpretation forms the basis for eruption warnings worldwide. Rates of ground displacement and the number of earthquakes escalate before many eruptions(1-3), as magma forces its way towards the surface. However, the pre-eruptive patterns of deformation and seismicity vary widely. Here we show how an eruption beginning on 19 March 2021 at Fagradalsfjall, Iceland, was preceded by a period of tectonic stress release ending with a decline in deformation and seismicity over several days preceding the eruption onset. High rates of deformation and seismicity occurred from 24 February to mid-March in relation to gradual emplacement of an approximately 9-km-long magma-filled dyke, between the surface and 8 km depth (volume approximately 34 x 10(6) m(3)), as well as the triggering of strike-slip earthquakes up to magnitude M-W 5.64. As stored tectonic stress was systematically released, there was less lateral migration of magma and a reduction in both the deformation rates and seismicity. Weaker crust near the surface may also have contributed to reduced seismicity, as the depth of active magma emplacement progressively shallowed. This demonstrates that the interaction between volcanoes and tectonic stress as well as crustal layering need to be fully considered when forecasting eruptions.

Název v anglickém jazyce

Deformation and seismicity decline before the 2021 Fagradalsfjall eruption

Popis výsledku anglicky

Increased rates of deformation and seismicity are well-established precursors to volcanic eruptions, and their interpretation forms the basis for eruption warnings worldwide. Rates of ground displacement and the number of earthquakes escalate before many eruptions(1-3), as magma forces its way towards the surface. However, the pre-eruptive patterns of deformation and seismicity vary widely. Here we show how an eruption beginning on 19 March 2021 at Fagradalsfjall, Iceland, was preceded by a period of tectonic stress release ending with a decline in deformation and seismicity over several days preceding the eruption onset. High rates of deformation and seismicity occurred from 24 February to mid-March in relation to gradual emplacement of an approximately 9-km-long magma-filled dyke, between the surface and 8 km depth (volume approximately 34 x 10(6) m(3)), as well as the triggering of strike-slip earthquakes up to magnitude M-W 5.64. As stored tectonic stress was systematically released, there was less lateral migration of magma and a reduction in both the deformation rates and seismicity. Weaker crust near the surface may also have contributed to reduced seismicity, as the depth of active magma emplacement progressively shallowed. This demonstrates that the interaction between volcanoes and tectonic stress as well as crustal layering need to be fully considered when forecasting eruptions.

Druh

J_imp - Článek v periodiku v databázi Web of Science

CEP obor

—

OECD FORD obor

10507 - Volcanology

Projekt

<a href="/cs/project/TO01000198" target="_blank" >TO01000198: Přirozená seismicita jako nástroj pro vyhledávání zdrojů geotermální energie</a><br>

Návaznosti

I - Institucionalni podpora na dlouhodoby koncepcni rozvoj vyzkumne organizace

Rok uplatnění

2022

Kód důvěrnosti údajů

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

Název periodika

Nature

ISSN

0028-0836

e-ISSN

1476-4687

Svazek periodika

609

Číslo periodika v rámci svazku

7927

Stát vydavatele periodika

GB - Spojené království Velké Británie a Severního Irska

Počet stran výsledku

6

Strana od-do

523-528

Kód UT WoS článku

000854788200004

EID výsledku v databázi Scopus

2-s2.0-85137914786