The early history of the turkey (Meleagris gallopavo) in the Czech Republic

Kód výsledku v IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F67985912%3A_____%2F19%3A00507519" target="_blank" >RIV/67985912:_____/19:00507519 - isvavai.cz</a>

Nalezeny alternativní kódy

RIV/67985955:_____/19:00507519

Výsledek na webu

<a href="https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs12520-019-00891-8" target="_blank" >https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs12520-019-00891-8</a>

DOI - Digital Object Identifier

<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12520-019-00891-8" target="_blank" >10.1007/s12520-019-00891-8</a>

Jazyk výsledku

angličtina

Název v původním jazyce

The early history of the turkey (Meleagris gallopavo) in the Czech Republic

Popis výsledku v původním jazyce

The article evaluates all early archaeological osteological finds of turkey (Meleagris gallopavo) dated to the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries AD in what is today the Czech Republic and offers an analysis and discussion of written historical sources. Altogether, 45 bones of turkey (Meleagris) from ten archaeological sites and a further six bones probably also of turkey (cf. Meleagris) are known from both sub-regions of the Czech Republic, that is, Bohemia and Moravia, and from a variety of contexts. Many of the bones originate from contexts of high social status (especially those from Prague Castle), interestingly, four of the ten contexts represent a clerical or monastic setting. The extensive sample from a range of geographical and sociocultural contexts enables various analyses. Osteometrically, the early Czech turkeys, which probably weighed between 3 and 9 kg, resemble their wild ancestor. The management of breeding and slaughtering is reflected in the variety of ages and sexes. Cut marks undoubtedly suggest butchering and subsequent eating. The written sources from the end of the sixteenth and in the seventeenth century prove that turkey was on the menu of those of high social class, which we see from the earliest reliable written Czech record from 1578, which describes a festal menu for the wedding of Vilém of Rožmberk (Rosenberg), one of the most powerful men in Bohemia. Different sources suggest that either 450 or 600 turkeys were served at the feast. From as early as 1583, we have a written record, although an isolated one, which suggests the early spread of the turkey into the rural environment and among the lower nobility. Considering archaeological dating, historical records from 1578, and their absence from earlier records, the domestic turkey was probably introduced to and spread across the Czech lands as late as between the 50s and 80s of the sixteenth century. The history of the peacock - although later it would be replaced on the dining table by turkey - is longer, the first written record of its being bred in Bohemia dates from around 1125-1140. According to other records, the pheasant, another imported Galliform bird, was known in Bohemia in 1330. The keeping of the wild form of turkey is documented much later, certainly in 1801, but very probably already in 1781.

Název v anglickém jazyce

The early history of the turkey (Meleagris gallopavo) in the Czech Republic

Popis výsledku anglicky

The article evaluates all early archaeological osteological finds of turkey (Meleagris gallopavo) dated to the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries AD in what is today the Czech Republic and offers an analysis and discussion of written historical sources. Altogether, 45 bones of turkey (Meleagris) from ten archaeological sites and a further six bones probably also of turkey (cf. Meleagris) are known from both sub-regions of the Czech Republic, that is, Bohemia and Moravia, and from a variety of contexts. Many of the bones originate from contexts of high social status (especially those from Prague Castle), interestingly, four of the ten contexts represent a clerical or monastic setting. The extensive sample from a range of geographical and sociocultural contexts enables various analyses. Osteometrically, the early Czech turkeys, which probably weighed between 3 and 9 kg, resemble their wild ancestor. The management of breeding and slaughtering is reflected in the variety of ages and sexes. Cut marks undoubtedly suggest butchering and subsequent eating. The written sources from the end of the sixteenth and in the seventeenth century prove that turkey was on the menu of those of high social class, which we see from the earliest reliable written Czech record from 1578, which describes a festal menu for the wedding of Vilém of Rožmberk (Rosenberg), one of the most powerful men in Bohemia. Different sources suggest that either 450 or 600 turkeys were served at the feast. From as early as 1583, we have a written record, although an isolated one, which suggests the early spread of the turkey into the rural environment and among the lower nobility. Considering archaeological dating, historical records from 1578, and their absence from earlier records, the domestic turkey was probably introduced to and spread across the Czech lands as late as between the 50s and 80s of the sixteenth century. The history of the peacock - although later it would be replaced on the dining table by turkey - is longer, the first written record of its being bred in Bohemia dates from around 1125-1140. According to other records, the pheasant, another imported Galliform bird, was known in Bohemia in 1330. The keeping of the wild form of turkey is documented much later, certainly in 1801, but very probably already in 1781.

Druh

J_imp - Článek v periodiku v databázi Web of Science

CEP obor

—

OECD FORD obor

60102 - Archaeology

Projekt

<a href="/cs/project/EF16_018%2F0002686" target="_blank" >EF16_018/0002686: Doktorandská škola archeologie: nové metody, technologie a výzkum historického dědictví</a><br>

Návaznosti

I - Institucionalni podpora na dlouhodoby koncepcni rozvoj vyzkumne organizace

Rok uplatnění

2019

Kód důvěrnosti údajů

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

Název periodika

Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences

ISSN

1866-9557

e-ISSN

—

Svazek periodika

11

Číslo periodika v rámci svazku

12

Stát vydavatele periodika

DE - Spolková republika Německo

Počet stran výsledku

19

Strana od-do

6431-6449

Kód UT WoS článku

000511136600010

EID výsledku v databázi Scopus

2-s2.0-85069218587