Between Imagination and Gambling: The Forms of Validity in Scholastic Logic

Kód výsledku v IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F67985955%3A_____%2F20%3A00535380" target="_blank" >RIV/67985955:_____/20:00535380 - isvavai.cz</a>

Výsledek na webu

<a href="https://doi.org/10.1080/01445340.2020.1800243" target="_blank" >https://doi.org/10.1080/01445340.2020.1800243</a>

DOI - Digital Object Identifier

<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01445340.2020.1800243" target="_blank" >10.1080/01445340.2020.1800243</a>

Jazyk výsledku

angličtina

Název v původním jazyce

Between Imagination and Gambling: The Forms of Validity in Scholastic Logic

Popis výsledku v původním jazyce

Scholastic logic provided us with a variety of accounts of validity. With some degree of simplification, validity translated into truth-preservation evaluated against a set of worlds (casus) and was tested against a set of counter-models (instantia). Which inferences are valid depends on replacing ‘a set’ by ‘the set’ in such definitions, in other words by specifying the underlying concept of modality. Four levels of modality can be identified in scholastic logic: what can be imagined (casus imaginabilis), what can be the case (casus possibilis), what is the case in situations similar to the actual world (ut nunc), and what is mostly the case (ut in pluribus). The result of these analyses are general accounts of both deductive and inductive validity. The paper aims at various uses of ‘casus’ (or equivalent concepts) pertaining to the analysis of validity between the fourteenth-century Calculatores and the eighteenth-century post-Bernoullian or post-Wolffian use of ‘casus’ (in the sense of an outcome in the mathematical treatment of probability and probabilistic logic). The way such concepts were appearing or disappearing in scholastic texts written between late medieval and early modern period will be outlined.

Název v anglickém jazyce

Between Imagination and Gambling: The Forms of Validity in Scholastic Logic

Popis výsledku anglicky

Scholastic logic provided us with a variety of accounts of validity. With some degree of simplification, validity translated into truth-preservation evaluated against a set of worlds (casus) and was tested against a set of counter-models (instantia). Which inferences are valid depends on replacing ‘a set’ by ‘the set’ in such definitions, in other words by specifying the underlying concept of modality. Four levels of modality can be identified in scholastic logic: what can be imagined (casus imaginabilis), what can be the case (casus possibilis), what is the case in situations similar to the actual world (ut nunc), and what is mostly the case (ut in pluribus). The result of these analyses are general accounts of both deductive and inductive validity. The paper aims at various uses of ‘casus’ (or equivalent concepts) pertaining to the analysis of validity between the fourteenth-century Calculatores and the eighteenth-century post-Bernoullian or post-Wolffian use of ‘casus’ (in the sense of an outcome in the mathematical treatment of probability and probabilistic logic). The way such concepts were appearing or disappearing in scholastic texts written between late medieval and early modern period will be outlined.

Druh

J_imp - Článek v periodiku v databázi Web of Science

CEP obor

—

OECD FORD obor

60301 - Philosophy, History and Philosophy of science and technology

Projekt

<a href="/cs/project/GA17-12408S" target="_blank" >GA17-12408S: Pravděpodobnostní argumentace v pozdně scholastické logice</a><br>

Návaznosti

I - Institucionalni podpora na dlouhodoby koncepcni rozvoj vyzkumne organizace

Rok uplatnění

2020

Kód důvěrnosti údajů

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

Název periodika

History and Philosophy of Logic

ISSN

0144-5340

e-ISSN

—

Svazek periodika

41

Číslo periodika v rámci svazku

4

Stát vydavatele periodika

GB - Spojené království Velké Británie a Severního Irska

Počet stran výsledku

21

Strana od-do

331-351

Kód UT WoS článku

000571549600001

EID výsledku v databázi Scopus

2-s2.0-85091232696