Can we “burn clean”? Realistic assessment of the effects of new fuels and technologies on harmful emissions from combustion processes: Lessons learned from diesel engine technology.

Kód výsledku v IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F68407700%3A21220%2F17%3A00314649" target="_blank" >RIV/68407700:21220/17:00314649 - isvavai.cz</a>

Výsledek na webu

<a href="http://www.smartcats.eu/3rd-general-meeting-and-workshop-on-secs-in-industry/" target="_blank" >http://www.smartcats.eu/3rd-general-meeting-and-workshop-on-secs-in-industry/</a>

DOI - Digital Object Identifier

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Jazyk výsledku

angličtina

Název v původním jazyce

Can we “burn clean”? Realistic assessment of the effects of new fuels and technologies on harmful emissions from combustion processes: Lessons learned from diesel engine technology.

Popis výsledku v původním jazyce

Internal combustion engines, home heating appliances and other combustion devices are the primary source of not only greenhouse gas emissions, but also of urban air pollution, which is one of the leading causes of premature death. Beyond the scope of current emission limits are, for example, a potent greenhouse gas nitrous oxide, or the smaller of combustion generated nanoparticles, which readily deposit in human lung alveoli and penetrate into the blood. Increasingly complex technologies are prone to insufficiently robust calibration, deterioration and malfunction, causing a situation where most of the emissions are generated by a small fraction of sources and during high emission episodes, and where real world performance may be inferior relative to laboratory tests under controlled conditions. The quality of design, construction, manufacture, calibration, maintenance and operation may have a profound effect on emissions and often of higher importance than the fuel used. New measurement approaches include field measurements of real-world emissions, low-cost sensors, distributed measurement, and direct assessment of toxicity of emissions. Diesel engines, both a major contributor to adverse health impacts and one of the cleanest combustion technologies available, serve as a perfect demonstration of the trend of increasing complexity of the issue and the widening difference between best available technology and the reality. Following successful abatement of particulate matter emissions by diesel particle filters, the focus of development is shifting to nitrogen oxides (NOx) and byproducts of the efforts of their reduction, such as nitrous oxide, nitrogen dioxide and ammonia. Maintaining acceptably low levels of reactive nitrogen compounds and N2O under everyday real-world operation can be viewed as a “last frontier” of diesel technology development, necessary for the currently heavily debated future use of diesel engines in cities.

Název v anglickém jazyce

Can we “burn clean”? Realistic assessment of the effects of new fuels and technologies on harmful emissions from combustion processes: Lessons learned from diesel engine technology.

Popis výsledku anglicky

Internal combustion engines, home heating appliances and other combustion devices are the primary source of not only greenhouse gas emissions, but also of urban air pollution, which is one of the leading causes of premature death. Beyond the scope of current emission limits are, for example, a potent greenhouse gas nitrous oxide, or the smaller of combustion generated nanoparticles, which readily deposit in human lung alveoli and penetrate into the blood. Increasingly complex technologies are prone to insufficiently robust calibration, deterioration and malfunction, causing a situation where most of the emissions are generated by a small fraction of sources and during high emission episodes, and where real world performance may be inferior relative to laboratory tests under controlled conditions. The quality of design, construction, manufacture, calibration, maintenance and operation may have a profound effect on emissions and often of higher importance than the fuel used. New measurement approaches include field measurements of real-world emissions, low-cost sensors, distributed measurement, and direct assessment of toxicity of emissions. Diesel engines, both a major contributor to adverse health impacts and one of the cleanest combustion technologies available, serve as a perfect demonstration of the trend of increasing complexity of the issue and the widening difference between best available technology and the reality. Following successful abatement of particulate matter emissions by diesel particle filters, the focus of development is shifting to nitrogen oxides (NOx) and byproducts of the efforts of their reduction, such as nitrous oxide, nitrogen dioxide and ammonia. Maintaining acceptably low levels of reactive nitrogen compounds and N2O under everyday real-world operation can be viewed as a “last frontier” of diesel technology development, necessary for the currently heavily debated future use of diesel engines in cities.

Druh

O - Ostatní výsledky

CEP obor

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OECD FORD obor

20704 - Energy and fuels

Projekt

<a href="/cs/project/LO1311" target="_blank" >LO1311: Rozvoj Centra vozidel udržitelné mobility</a><br>

Návaznosti

P - Projekt vyzkumu a vyvoje financovany z verejnych zdroju (s odkazem do CEP)

Rok uplatnění

2017

Kód důvěrnosti údajů

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů