Immunity to Human Cytomegalovirus

Kód výsledku v IS VaVaI

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Výsledek na webu

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DOI - Digital Object Identifier

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Jazyk výsledku

angličtina

Název v původním jazyce

Immunity to Human Cytomegalovirus

Popis výsledku v původním jazyce

Cytomegalovirus is one of the most immunodominant antigens that are encountered by the human immune system. The human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) exhibits a broad cellular tropism and can infect most major organ systems and cell types. Immunologic control of HCMV replication includes several distinct categories of effector cells: natural killer cells, macrophages, B cells and T cells however virus-specific CD8+ and CD4+ T cells appear to play a pivotal role. The importance of cell mediated immunity against CMV is exemplified by the occurrence of severe and prolonged HCMV infection in immunocompromised individuals, including transplant recipients, late stage -HIV patients, congenitally infected neonates, elderly subjects and/or septic patients. Severely impaired T-cell function leads to viral reactivation and consequences are widely variable, ranging from asymptomatic infections to life-threatening situations. Monitoring of protective HCMV-specific immune response may serve as an early predictive marker for identifying individuals at high risk for HCMV disease prior to the detection of increased viremia. The identification of patients who are at high risk of CMV is a more complex challenge for the laboratory. Mainly HCMV specific T cell immunity, resp. enumeration of CD8+ HCMV specific T cells would be expected to correlate with the incidence of HCMV disease. Recently, it has become possible to enumerate antigen-specific CD8+ T cells by using tetramers. HCMVspecific cellular immunity by evaluating the activation capacity of CD8+ T cells to a mitogenic stimulus or whole HCMV antigen or HCMV peptides assessed by IFNγ ELISPOT or ELISA seem to be promising in the assessment of HCMV specific function/immunity. However the clinical utility of these assays will need to be evaluated.

Název v anglickém jazyce

Immunity to Human Cytomegalovirus

Popis výsledku anglicky

Cytomegalovirus is one of the most immunodominant antigens that are encountered by the human immune system. The human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) exhibits a broad cellular tropism and can infect most major organ systems and cell types. Immunologic control of HCMV replication includes several distinct categories of effector cells: natural killer cells, macrophages, B cells and T cells however virus-specific CD8+ and CD4+ T cells appear to play a pivotal role. The importance of cell mediated immunity against CMV is exemplified by the occurrence of severe and prolonged HCMV infection in immunocompromised individuals, including transplant recipients, late stage -HIV patients, congenitally infected neonates, elderly subjects and/or septic patients. Severely impaired T-cell function leads to viral reactivation and consequences are widely variable, ranging from asymptomatic infections to life-threatening situations. Monitoring of protective HCMV-specific immune response may serve as an early predictive marker for identifying individuals at high risk for HCMV disease prior to the detection of increased viremia. The identification of patients who are at high risk of CMV is a more complex challenge for the laboratory. Mainly HCMV specific T cell immunity, resp. enumeration of CD8+ HCMV specific T cells would be expected to correlate with the incidence of HCMV disease. Recently, it has become possible to enumerate antigen-specific CD8+ T cells by using tetramers. HCMVspecific cellular immunity by evaluating the activation capacity of CD8+ T cells to a mitogenic stimulus or whole HCMV antigen or HCMV peptides assessed by IFNγ ELISPOT or ELISA seem to be promising in the assessment of HCMV specific function/immunity. However the clinical utility of these assays will need to be evaluated.

Druh

C - Kapitola v odborné knize

CEP obor

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OECD FORD obor

30502 - Other medical science

Projekt

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Návaznosti

I - Institucionalni podpora na dlouhodoby koncepcni rozvoj vyzkumne organizace

Rok uplatnění

2012

Kód důvěrnosti údajů

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

Název knihy nebo sborníku

Cytomegalovirus Infections : Risk Factors, Causes and Management.

ISBN

978-1-61942-221-6

Počet stran výsledku

14

Strana od-do

63-76

Počet stran knihy

338

Název nakladatele

Nova Science

Místo vydání

New York

Kód UT WoS kapitoly

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