HIV Infection in Pregnancy and Adverse Perinatal Outcomes: A 14-Year Population-Based Study from a Central European Country Examining Preterm Birth, Low Birth Weight, and Small-for-Gestational-Age Newborns

Kód výsledku v IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F00064211%3A_____%2F26%3AW0000012" target="_blank" >RIV/00064211:_____/26:W0000012 - isvavai.cz</a>

Výsledek na webu

<a href="https://oadoi.org/10.1007/s44411-026-00491-8" target="_blank" >https://oadoi.org/10.1007/s44411-026-00491-8</a>

DOI - Digital Object Identifier

<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s44411-026-00491-8" target="_blank" >10.1007/s44411-026-00491-8</a>

Jazyk výsledku

angličtina

Název v původním jazyce

HIV Infection in Pregnancy and Adverse Perinatal Outcomes: A 14-Year Population-Based Study from a Central European Country Examining Preterm Birth, Low Birth Weight, and Small-for-Gestational-Age Newborns

Popis výsledku v původním jazyce

Background Despite major advances in antiretroviral therapy (ART), maternal HIV infection remains an important public health concern with potential consequences for perinatal outcomes. Although vertical transmission has markedly declined, uncertainty persists regarding the association between maternal HIV status and low birth weight (LBW), small-for-gestational-age (SGA) newborns, and preterm birth (PTB). Methods We conducted a population-based retrospective analysis using two national health registries in the Czech Republic, encompassing 1,458,648 births between 2010 and 2023. The study included 164 singleton live births to HIV-positive mothers and a random control sample of 20,000 HIV-negative mothers selected from 1.43 million eligible births. Binomial and multinomial logistic regression models were used to assess associations between maternal HIV status and adverse perinatal outcomes. Results are presented as adjusted odds ratios (aORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and p values. Results Maternal HIV infection was associated with significantly increased odds of LBW (aOR 1.766, 95% CI 1.050-2.967; p = 0.032) and SGA (aOR 2.206, 95% CI 1.472-3.304; p < 0.001). The association with PTB was not statistically significant (aOR 1.251, 95% CI 0.693-2.259; p = 0.457). Infants born to HIV-positive mothers had lower mean birthweight and lower gestational age at delivery compared with HIV-negative controls. Caesarean delivery was more frequent among HIV-positive women (40.2 vs. 23.7%). Conclusions In this 14-year national cohort, maternal HIV infection was associated with impaired fetal growth-reflected by higher risks of LBW and SGA-but not with preterm birth. These findings underscore the need for enhanced fetal monitoring in pregnancies affected by HIV and support further investigation into the roles of ART regimens, maternal immune status, and regional epidemiological factors.

Název v anglickém jazyce

HIV Infection in Pregnancy and Adverse Perinatal Outcomes: A 14-Year Population-Based Study from a Central European Country Examining Preterm Birth, Low Birth Weight, and Small-for-Gestational-Age Newborns

Popis výsledku anglicky

Background Despite major advances in antiretroviral therapy (ART), maternal HIV infection remains an important public health concern with potential consequences for perinatal outcomes. Although vertical transmission has markedly declined, uncertainty persists regarding the association between maternal HIV status and low birth weight (LBW), small-for-gestational-age (SGA) newborns, and preterm birth (PTB). Methods We conducted a population-based retrospective analysis using two national health registries in the Czech Republic, encompassing 1,458,648 births between 2010 and 2023. The study included 164 singleton live births to HIV-positive mothers and a random control sample of 20,000 HIV-negative mothers selected from 1.43 million eligible births. Binomial and multinomial logistic regression models were used to assess associations between maternal HIV status and adverse perinatal outcomes. Results are presented as adjusted odds ratios (aORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and p values. Results Maternal HIV infection was associated with significantly increased odds of LBW (aOR 1.766, 95% CI 1.050-2.967; p = 0.032) and SGA (aOR 2.206, 95% CI 1.472-3.304; p < 0.001). The association with PTB was not statistically significant (aOR 1.251, 95% CI 0.693-2.259; p = 0.457). Infants born to HIV-positive mothers had lower mean birthweight and lower gestational age at delivery compared with HIV-negative controls. Caesarean delivery was more frequent among HIV-positive women (40.2 vs. 23.7%). Conclusions In this 14-year national cohort, maternal HIV infection was associated with impaired fetal growth-reflected by higher risks of LBW and SGA-but not with preterm birth. These findings underscore the need for enhanced fetal monitoring in pregnancies affected by HIV and support further investigation into the roles of ART regimens, maternal immune status, and regional epidemiological factors.

Druh

J_imp - Článek v periodiku v databázi Web of Science

CEP obor

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OECD FORD obor

30218 - General and internal medicine

Projekt

—

Návaznosti

I - Institucionalni podpora na dlouhodoby koncepcni rozvoj vyzkumne organizace

Rok uplatnění

2026

Kód důvěrnosti údajů

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

Název periodika

BRATISLAVA MEDICAL JOURNAL

ISSN

0006-9248

e-ISSN

1336-0345

Svazek periodika

127

Číslo periodika v rámci svazku

5

Stát vydavatele periodika

GB - Spojené království Velké Británie a Severního Irska

Počet stran výsledku

7

Strana od-do

1899-1905

Kód UT WoS článku

001702497900001

EID výsledku v databázi Scopus

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