Should and ought to and their Translations into Czech

Kód výsledku v IS VaVaI

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Výsledek na webu

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DOI - Digital Object Identifier

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Jazyk výsledku

angličtina

Název v původním jazyce

Should and ought to and their Translations into Czech

Popis výsledku v původním jazyce

Although much has been written about modality in the Czech language and even much more about this in English., when translating from English to Czech and vice versa, one often hesitates when it comes to deciding what the most appropriate expression to be used is. This paper presents part of an extensive study focused on the semantic field of necessity in English and Czech, mainly from the viewpoint of the differences in the general structure and the distribution of the individual means in both the languages. It focuses on two means used to express weak necessity, i.e. should and ought to. The term “necessity” in this paper refers to both deontic and epistemic interpretations. The issue has been studied using a manually excerpted corpus from contemporary British fiction and its published translations into Czech, and contemporary Czech fiction and its published translations into English. The discussion starts with the theoretical delimitation of the nuances within the meaning of necessity. Based on the theoretical criteria established, the excerpted material is categorised, analysed and discussed. The results suggest that when the two means are compared there might be a difference, although not considerable, in ought to being less subjective, expressing something not under the direct control of the speaker and therefore ought to tends to be more “hesitant”. As regards the translations into Czech, the most frequent means was the modal verb mít. However in the area of epistemic modality also muset appeared, a means expressing not weakened but strong necessity, which could be caused by the fact that muset is the only modal verb which can clearly express epistemic necessity in Czech.

Název v anglickém jazyce

Should and ought to and their Translations into Czech

Popis výsledku anglicky

Although much has been written about modality in the Czech language and even much more about this in English., when translating from English to Czech and vice versa, one often hesitates when it comes to deciding what the most appropriate expression to be used is. This paper presents part of an extensive study focused on the semantic field of necessity in English and Czech, mainly from the viewpoint of the differences in the general structure and the distribution of the individual means in both the languages. It focuses on two means used to express weak necessity, i.e. should and ought to. The term “necessity” in this paper refers to both deontic and epistemic interpretations. The issue has been studied using a manually excerpted corpus from contemporary British fiction and its published translations into Czech, and contemporary Czech fiction and its published translations into English. The discussion starts with the theoretical delimitation of the nuances within the meaning of necessity. Based on the theoretical criteria established, the excerpted material is categorised, analysed and discussed. The results suggest that when the two means are compared there might be a difference, although not considerable, in ought to being less subjective, expressing something not under the direct control of the speaker and therefore ought to tends to be more “hesitant”. As regards the translations into Czech, the most frequent means was the modal verb mít. However in the area of epistemic modality also muset appeared, a means expressing not weakened but strong necessity, which could be caused by the fact that muset is the only modal verb which can clearly express epistemic necessity in Czech.

Druh

C - Kapitola v odborné knize

CEP obor

AI - Jazykověda

OECD FORD obor

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Projekt

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Návaznosti

I - Institucionalni podpora na dlouhodoby koncepcni rozvoj vyzkumne organizace

Rok uplatnění

2016

Kód důvěrnosti údajů

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

Název knihy nebo sborníku

ELT Revisited: Some Theoretical and Practical Perspectives

ISBN

978-1-4438-9527-9

Počet stran výsledku

22

Strana od-do

""

Počet stran knihy

183

Název nakladatele

Cambridge Scholars Publishing

Místo vydání

Cambridge

Kód UT WoS kapitoly

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