Life cycle assessment of selected parameters of passenger vehicles with different propulsion

Kód výsledku v IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F60162694%3AG43__%2F26%3A00564662" target="_blank" >RIV/60162694:G43__/26:00564662 - isvavai.cz</a>

Výsledek na webu

<a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01968904" target="_blank" >https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01968904</a>

DOI - Digital Object Identifier

<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2025.120143" target="_blank" >10.1016/j.enconman.2025.120143</a>

Jazyk výsledku

angličtina

Název v původním jazyce

Life cycle assessment of selected parameters of passenger vehicles with different propulsion

Popis výsledku v původním jazyce

This article aims to conduct a comprehensive life cycle assessment (LCA) of vehicles with conventional and alternative propulsion systems. The study focuses on passenger vehicles powered by internal combustion engines (ICEs) using diesel, gasoline, hybrid gasoline systems, and compressed natural gas (CNG). Additionally, alternative propulsion systems, including battery electric vehicles (BEVs) and fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs), were analyzed for comparison. The introductory section provides an in-depth examination of life cycle methodologies and summarizes findings from key studies conducted in Europe, the United States, and worldwide. It also provides an overview of the potential propulsion systems for passenger vehicles and details the stages of the LCA described in the text. The mathematical model utilized for this analysis is constructed using the core parameters of GREET 2, supported by the GREET 1 and JEC v5 databases for fuel data. This model facilitates the calculation of energy requirments throughout the life cycle, including raw material extraction, vehicle manufacturing, fuel production, transport to distribution points, and operational phases over the life of the vehicle. The service life interval for the analysis is set at 200,000 km. The final stage of the LCA, component recycling and reuse, is also included to ensure a complete assessment. In addition to energy consumption, CO2 equivalent (CO2eq) emissions are calculated for each phase of the life cycle. The model provides detailed assessments of energy use and emissions, allowing comparisons across propulsion systems, including ICEs, HEVs, and EVs. This comparative analysis highlights variations in environmental impacts throughout the life cycle, focusing on the differences between production and operational emissions. Case studies and literature reviews were used to contextualize the findings within broader industry patterns. One of the key results of this research is the assessment of emissions relative to energy mix (emission factors Ef) in various countries, including Sweden, France, the UK, the average of the EU, Poland, China, Germany, Japan, and the USA. These findings are examined to determine how local energy production methods influence vehicle emissions. The analysis demonstrates that while EVs have a higher initial environmental impact, particularly due to battery manufacturing, their operational phase significantly reduces emissions and offers the potential to offset the initial production impact over time due to their zero tailpipe emissions. The study highlights the importance of regional emission factor analysis in understanding differences in global environmental impact assessments. The research also provides key insights into environmental impacts, such as CO2 emissions, water consumption, and waste generation. This work helps to optimize production processes by identifying the stages with the highest environmental impact guiding manufacturers toward greater efficiency and the adoption of greener technologies.

Název v anglickém jazyce

Life cycle assessment of selected parameters of passenger vehicles with different propulsion

Popis výsledku anglicky

This article aims to conduct a comprehensive life cycle assessment (LCA) of vehicles with conventional and alternative propulsion systems. The study focuses on passenger vehicles powered by internal combustion engines (ICEs) using diesel, gasoline, hybrid gasoline systems, and compressed natural gas (CNG). Additionally, alternative propulsion systems, including battery electric vehicles (BEVs) and fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs), were analyzed for comparison. The introductory section provides an in-depth examination of life cycle methodologies and summarizes findings from key studies conducted in Europe, the United States, and worldwide. It also provides an overview of the potential propulsion systems for passenger vehicles and details the stages of the LCA described in the text. The mathematical model utilized for this analysis is constructed using the core parameters of GREET 2, supported by the GREET 1 and JEC v5 databases for fuel data. This model facilitates the calculation of energy requirments throughout the life cycle, including raw material extraction, vehicle manufacturing, fuel production, transport to distribution points, and operational phases over the life of the vehicle. The service life interval for the analysis is set at 200,000 km. The final stage of the LCA, component recycling and reuse, is also included to ensure a complete assessment. In addition to energy consumption, CO2 equivalent (CO2eq) emissions are calculated for each phase of the life cycle. The model provides detailed assessments of energy use and emissions, allowing comparisons across propulsion systems, including ICEs, HEVs, and EVs. This comparative analysis highlights variations in environmental impacts throughout the life cycle, focusing on the differences between production and operational emissions. Case studies and literature reviews were used to contextualize the findings within broader industry patterns. One of the key results of this research is the assessment of emissions relative to energy mix (emission factors Ef) in various countries, including Sweden, France, the UK, the average of the EU, Poland, China, Germany, Japan, and the USA. These findings are examined to determine how local energy production methods influence vehicle emissions. The analysis demonstrates that while EVs have a higher initial environmental impact, particularly due to battery manufacturing, their operational phase significantly reduces emissions and offers the potential to offset the initial production impact over time due to their zero tailpipe emissions. The study highlights the importance of regional emission factor analysis in understanding differences in global environmental impact assessments. The research also provides key insights into environmental impacts, such as CO2 emissions, water consumption, and waste generation. This work helps to optimize production processes by identifying the stages with the highest environmental impact guiding manufacturers toward greater efficiency and the adoption of greener technologies.

Druh

J_imp - Článek v periodiku v databázi Web of Science

CEP obor

—

OECD FORD obor

20302 - Applied mechanics

Projekt

—

Návaznosti

S - Specificky vyzkum na vysokych skolach<br>I - Institucionalni podpora na dlouhodoby koncepcni rozvoj vyzkumne organizace

Rok uplatnění

2025

Kód důvěrnosti údajů

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

Název periodika

ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT

ISSN

0196-8904

e-ISSN

1879-2227

Svazek periodika

342

Číslo periodika v rámci svazku

2025-08-03

Stát vydavatele periodika

GB - Spojené království Velké Británie a Severního Irska

Počet stran výsledku

13

Strana od-do

120143

Kód UT WoS článku

001537503800001

EID výsledku v databázi Scopus

2-s2.0-105010192747