Artificial Satellite Observations and Their Scientific Usage in Czechoslovakia

Kód výsledku v IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F67985815%3A_____%2F14%3A00482036" target="_blank" >RIV/67985815:_____/14:00482036 - isvavai.cz</a>

Výsledek na webu

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DOI - Digital Object Identifier

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Jazyk výsledku

angličtina

Název v původním jazyce

Artificial Satellite Observations and Their Scientific Usage in Czechoslovakia

Popis výsledku v původním jazyce

The first artificial satellite observations concerned the transmission of the radio signals from the Soviet Sputnik satellite. The Institute of Radiotechnics and Electronics in Prague recorded the radio data and the Astronomical Institute supplemented this with Doppler determinations of the satellite's position. These visual observations joined a set of observational data, from which the first determination of the oblateness of Earth was made (with the results published in Nature). Visual observations were quickly made and easily analyzed. However, they revealed the absence of precise time measurements as a principal drawback to satellite position determinations. Progress came with construction of four axially mounted cameras, which had a focus of 50-100 cm. The Soviet Academy of Sciences supplied the cooperating countries with AFU-75 cameras and the Carl Zeiss Jena-developed SBG cameras. Groups of these movable cameras made a useful and relatively accurate satellite observation net. The use of photographic cameras as the main devices for satellite position determination came to an end when laser ranging offered a new and precise method of satellite positioning.

Název v anglickém jazyce

Artificial Satellite Observations and Their Scientific Usage in Czechoslovakia

Popis výsledku anglicky

The first artificial satellite observations concerned the transmission of the radio signals from the Soviet Sputnik satellite. The Institute of Radiotechnics and Electronics in Prague recorded the radio data and the Astronomical Institute supplemented this with Doppler determinations of the satellite's position. These visual observations joined a set of observational data, from which the first determination of the oblateness of Earth was made (with the results published in Nature). Visual observations were quickly made and easily analyzed. However, they revealed the absence of precise time measurements as a principal drawback to satellite position determinations. Progress came with construction of four axially mounted cameras, which had a focus of 50-100 cm. The Soviet Academy of Sciences supplied the cooperating countries with AFU-75 cameras and the Carl Zeiss Jena-developed SBG cameras. Groups of these movable cameras made a useful and relatively accurate satellite observation net. The use of photographic cameras as the main devices for satellite position determination came to an end when laser ranging offered a new and precise method of satellite positioning.

Druh

D - Stať ve sborníku

CEP obor

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OECD FORD obor

20304 - Aerospace engineering

Projekt

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Návaznosti

I - Institucionalni podpora na dlouhodoby koncepcni rozvoj vyzkumne organizace

Rok uplatnění

2014

Kód důvěrnosti údajů

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

Název statě ve sborníku

History of rocketry and astronautics

ISBN

978-0-87703-608-1

ISSN

0730-3564

e-ISSN

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Počet stran výsledku

8

Strana od-do

349-356

Název nakladatele

American Astronautical Society, USA

Místo vydání

San Diego

Místo konání akce

Prague

Datum konání akce

27. 9. 2010

Typ akce podle státní příslušnosti

WRD - Celosvětová akce

Kód UT WoS článku

000344125600021